How to get your kidney cat to drink more water

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Fluid balance in cats with kidney disease

what is dehydration?

In chronic kidney disease (CKD), the kidneys lose the ability to properly concentrate urine. As a result, affected cats often become dehydrated. Dehydration means that the body lacks adequate fluids and important electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and chloride.

Cats lose fluids through urine, feces, and breathing, and these losses must be replaced daily to maintain fluid balance. If not, the cat risks dehydration, which can lead to serious health consequences.

how can I tell if my cat is dehydrated?

A cat’s body is made up of approximately 80% water, and proper hydration is vital for all cells to function. Dehydration can lead to:

• lethargy, weakness, or depression

• dry mouth (gums feel sticky or dry to the touch)

• constipation

• reduced appetite

• poor skin elasticity (increased skin turgor)

• dry, dull coat

what is skin turgor?

Skin turgor refers to skin elasticity and is a common test for dehydration. Gently lift the skin on the back of your cat’s neck or between the shoulder blades. In a well-hydrated cat, the skin should snap back into place within 1 second. If the skin stays tented or returns slowly, it may indicate dehydration.

Note: In very thin cats, excess loose skin may be misleading, and other signs must also be considered. In severe dehydration, the cat’s eyes may appear sunken—this is an emergency and requires immediate veterinary care with IV fluids.

treating dehydration in cats

In cases of moderate to severe dehydration, your veterinarian may administer fluids:

• intravenous (IV) fluids directly into the bloodstream

• subcutaneous (SC) fluids under the skin for milder cases or at-home support

Cats with early-stage kidney disease may manage hydration through normal drinking and food intake. As the disease progresses, they may need periodic fluid therapy at the clinic. This helps replace lost fluids and flush out toxins that build up due to reduced kidney function.

In addition to veterinary treatment, cat owners can help maintain hydration by encouraging more drinking at home.

Tips to encourage cats to drink more water

water bowl tips

• use a large, shallow bowl: Cats dislike having their whiskers touch the sides.

• avoid white bowls: Some cats struggle to see the water surface in white or opaque bowls.

• keep it clean: Even water-only bowls can develop residue. Clean them regularly.

bowl placement

• place water bowls in multiple rooms. Cats with CKD may be less active, so having water nearby makes it easier and reminds them to drink.

• avoid placing bowls near litter boxes—strong odors can discourage drinking.

• separate from other pets: Some cats won’t share with dogs. Place the cat’s bowl higher up (but accessible—arthritis may limit mobility).

• use a stool or step if the cat struggles to reach elevated areas.

multi-cat households

• provide multiple water stations to reduce stress and competition.

• a sick or older cat may feel intimidated by younger, dominant cats.

• feed and water the ill cat separately if needed.

water options and enhancements

fresh water

• refresh the water daily.

• offer a variety: cold, room temperature, bottled (non-carbonated).

flavoring the water

• make flavored ice cubes from:

  • boiled chicken or fish broth

  • water from tuna cans (in water, not oil)

  • shellfish water

• avoid commercial broths or bouillon cubes—they may contain salt, onions, or garlic, which are toxic to cats.

• do not add sugar—cats do not have a taste for sweetness.

hydration supplements

Oralade® is a veterinary oral rehydration drink for cats and dogs.

• low in phosphorus and protein

• contains hydrolyzed chicken – suitable for cats with food allergies

• highly palatable – many cats will drink it willingly

• freeze into ice cubes for convenient portions

running water and fountains

Many cats prefer moving water. A cat water fountain can encourage them to drink more. Ensure it's kept clean and filled with fresh water.

wet food vs. dry food

Wet food contains up to 80% moisture, while dry food has less than 10%. Switching to or adding more wet food can greatly improve hydration.

• some cats prefer chunks in gravy (e.g., Royal Canin Renal or Hill’s k/d).

• others may like mousses or pâtés (e.g., Specific FKW, Hill’s k/d cans).

• offer small meals frequently: this increases overall water intake and supports kidney health.

Don’t hesitate to try different renal-friendly brands and textures until you find what your cat prefers.

summary

Hydration is essential for cats with kidney disease. Alongside professional treatment, you can significantly support your cat’s health by encouraging regular and increased fluid intake at home. With creativity, patience, and the right tools, many cats can be kept well-hydrated and comfortable for longer.

Foto Carolien van Oijen